Add Kubernetes metadata

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The add_kubernetes_metadata processor annotates each event with relevant metadata based on which Kubernetes pod the event originated from. This processor only adds metadata to the events that do not have it yet present.

At startup, it detects an in_cluster environment and caches the Kubernetes-related metadata. Events are only annotated if a valid configuration is detected. If it’s not able to detect a valid Kubernetes configuration, the events are not annotated with Kubernetes-related metadata.

Each event is annotated with:

  • Pod Name
  • Pod UID
  • Namespace
  • Labels

In addition, the node and namespace metadata are added to the pod metadata.

The add_kubernetes_metadata processor has two basic building blocks:

  • Indexers
  • Matchers

Indexers use pod metadata to create unique identifiers for each one of the pods. These identifiers help to correlate the metadata of the observed pods with actual events. For example, the ip_port indexer can take a Kubernetes pod and create identifiers for it based on all its pod_ip:container_port combinations.

Matchers use information in events to construct lookup keys that match the identifiers created by the indexers. For example, when the fields matcher takes ["metricset.host"] as a lookup field, it would construct a lookup key with the value of the field metricset.host. When one of these lookup keys matches with one of the identifiers, the event is enriched with the metadata of the identified pod.

Each Beat can define its own default indexers and matchers which are enabled by default. For example, Filebeat enables the container indexer, which identifies pod metadata based on all container IDs, and a logs_path matcher, which takes the log.file.path field, extracts the container ID, and uses it to retrieve metadata.

You can find more information about the available indexers and matchers, and some examples in Indexers and matchers.

The configuration below enables the processor when winlogbeat is run as a pod in Kubernetes.

processors:
  - add_kubernetes_metadata:
      # Defining indexers and matchers manually is required for winlogbeat, for instance:
      #indexers:
      #  - ip_port:
      #matchers:
      #  - fields:
      #      lookup_fields: ["metricset.host"]
      #labels.dedot: true
      #annotations.dedot: true

The configuration below enables the processor on a Beat running as a process on the Kubernetes node.

processors:
  - add_kubernetes_metadata:
      host: <hostname>
      # If kube_config is not set, KUBECONFIG environment variable will be checked
      # and if not present it will fall back to InCluster
      kube_config: $Winlogbeat Reference [8.16]/.kube/config
      # Defining indexers and matchers manually is required for winlogbeat, for instance:
      #indexers:
      #  - ip_port:
      #matchers:
      #  - fields:
      #      lookup_fields: ["metricset.host"]
      #labels.dedot: true
      #annotations.dedot: true

The configuration below has the default indexers and matchers disabled and enables ones that the user is interested in.

processors:
  - add_kubernetes_metadata:
      host: <hostname>
      # If kube_config is not set, KUBECONFIG environment variable will be checked
      # and if not present it will fall back to InCluster
      kube_config: ~/.kube/config
      default_indexers.enabled: false
      default_matchers.enabled: false
      indexers:
        - ip_port:
      matchers:
        - fields:
            lookup_fields: ["metricset.host"]
      #labels.dedot: true
      #annotations.dedot: true

The add_kubernetes_metadata processor has the following configuration settings:

host
(Optional) Specify the node to scope winlogbeat to in case it cannot be accurately detected, as when running winlogbeat in host network mode.
scope
(Optional) Specify if the processor should have visibility at the node level or at the entire cluster level. Possible values are node and cluster. Scope is node by default.
namespace
(Optional) Select the namespace from which to collect the metadata. If it is not set, the processor collects metadata from all namespaces. It is unset by default.
add_resource_metadata

(Optional) Specify filters and configuration for the extra metadata, that will be added to the event. Configuration parameters:

  • node or namespace: Specify labels and annotations filters for the extra metadata coming from node and namespace. By default all labels are included while annotations are not. To change default behaviour include_labels, exclude_labels and include_annotations can be defined. Those settings are useful when storing labels and annotations that require special handling to avoid overloading the storage output. Note: wildcards are not supported for those settings. The enrichment of node or namespace metadata can be individually disabled by setting enabled: false.
  • deployment: If resource is pod and it is created from a deployment, by default the deployment name is added, this can be disabled by setting deployment: false.
  • cronjob: If resource is pod and it is created from a cronjob, by default the cronjob name is added, this can be disabled by setting cronjob: false.

    Example:

      add_resource_metadata:
        namespace:
          include_labels: ["namespacelabel1"]
          #labels.dedot: true
          #annotations.dedot: true
        node:
          include_labels: ["nodelabel2"]
          include_annotations: ["nodeannotation1"]
          #labels.dedot: true
          #annotations.dedot: true
        deployment: false
        cronjob: false
kube_config
(Optional) Use given config file as configuration for Kubernetes client. It defaults to KUBECONFIG environment variable if present.
use_kubeadm
(Optional) Default true. By default requests to kubeadm config map are made in order to enrich cluster name by requesting /api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/configmaps/kubeadm-config API endpoint.
kube_client_options
(Optional) Additional options can be configured for Kubernetes client. Currently client QPS and burst are supported, if not set Kubernetes client’s default QPS and burst will be used. Example:
      kube_client_options:
        qps: 5
        burst: 10
cleanup_timeout
(Optional) Specify the time of inactivity before stopping the running configuration for a container. This is 60s by default.
sync_period
(Optional) Specify the timeout for listing historical resources.
default_indexers.enabled
(Optional) Enable or disable default pod indexers when you want to specify your own.
default_matchers.enabled
(Optional) Enable or disable default pod matchers when you want to specify your own.
labels.dedot
(Optional) Default to be true. If set to true, then . in labels will be replaced with _.
annotations.dedot
(Optional) Default to be true. If set to true, then . in labels will be replaced with _.

Indexers and matchers

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Indexers

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Indexers use pods metadata to create unique identifiers for each one of the pods.

Available indexers are:

container
Identifies the pod metadata using the IDs of its containers.
ip_port
Identifies the pod metadata using combinations of its IP and its exposed ports. When using this indexer metadata is identified using the IP of the pods, and the combination if ip:port for each one of the ports exposed by its containers.
pod_name
Identifies the pod metadata using its namespace and its name as namespace/pod_name.
pod_uid
Identifies the pod metadata using the UID of the pod.

Matchers

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Matchers are used to construct the lookup keys that match with the identifiers created by indexes.

field_format

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Looks up pod metadata using a key created with a string format that can include event fields.

This matcher has an option format to define the string format. This string format can contain placeholders for any field in the event.

For example, the following configuration uses the ip_port indexer to identify the pod metadata by combinations of the pod IP and its exposed ports, and uses the destination IP and port in events as match keys:

processors:
- add_kubernetes_metadata:
    ...
    default_indexers.enabled: false
    default_matchers.enabled: false
    indexers:
      - ip_port:
    matchers:
      - field_format:
          format: '%{[destination.ip]}:%{[destination.port]}'

fields

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Looks up pod metadata using as key the value of some specific fields. When multiple fields are defined, the first one included in the event is used.

This matcher has an option lookup_fields to define the files whose value will be used for lookup.

For example, the following configuration uses the ip_port indexer to identify pods, and defines a matcher that uses the destination IP or the server IP for the lookup, the first it finds in the event:

processors:
- add_kubernetes_metadata:
    ...
    default_indexers.enabled: false
    default_matchers.enabled: false
    indexers:
      - ip_port:
    matchers:
      - fields:
          lookup_fields: ['destination.ip', 'server.ip']

It’s also possible to extract the matching key from fields using a regex pattern. The optional regex_pattern field can be used to set the pattern. The pattern must contain a capture group named key, whose value will be used as the matching key.

For example, the following configuration uses the container indexer to identify containers by their id, and extracts the matching key from the cgroup id field added to system process metrics. This field has the form cri-containerd-<id>.scope, so we need a regex pattern to obtain the container id.

processors:
  - add_kubernetes_metadata:
      indexers:
        - container:
      matchers:
        - fields:
            lookup_fields: ['system.process.cgroup.id']
            regex_pattern: 'cri-containerd-(?P<key>[0-9a-z]+)\.scope'