Monitor Microsoft Azure

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Monitor Microsoft Azure

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In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to monitor your Microsoft Azure deployments using Elastic Observability: Logs and Metrics.

What you’ll learn

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You’ll learn how to:

  • Create an Elasticsearch resource in the Azure portal.
  • Ingest Azure platform logs using the native integration and view those logs in Kibana.
  • Ingest logs and metrics from your virtual machines and view those logs and metrics in Kibana.
  • Ingest other metrics (such as billing) using the Metricbeat Azure module and view those metrics in Kibana.

Step 1: Create an Elasticsearch resource in the Azure portal

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Microsoft Azure allows you to find, deploy, and manage Elasticsearch from within the Azure portal. The Microsoft Azure portal integration makes it faster and easier for you to experience the value of Elastic in your Azure environment. Behind the scenes, this process will provision a marketplace subscription with Elastic Cloud.

Create an Elasticsearch resource

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  1. Log in to the Azure portal.

    Ensure your Azure account is configured with Owner access on the subscription you want to deploy Elasticsearch. To learn more about Azure subscriptions, see the Microsoft Azure documentation.

  2. In the search bar, enter Elasticsearch and then select it.

    Search and click on Elasticsearch

  3. Click Create.
  4. Enter the Subscription, Resource group, and the Resource name.
  5. Select a region and then click Review + create.

    Create Elastic resource

    We will cover logs and metrics later in this tutorial.

  6. To create the Elasticsearch deployment, click Create.
  7. After your deployment is complete, click Go to resource. Here you can see and configure your deployment details. To access the cluster, click Kibana.

    Elastic resource

  8. To single sign-on directly into Elastic, select your Azure account.
  9. To see if there is any available data, click Observability. There should be no data yet, but next, you will ingest logs.

    Kibana observability page (no data)

Step 2: Ingest logs using the native integration

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To ingest Azure subscription and resource logs into Elastic using the Microsoft Azure native integration is straightforward.

  1. On to the Elasticsearch resource page in Azure, click Ingest logs and metrics from Azure Services.

    Click on Ingest logs and metrics from Azure Services

  2. Check both checkboxes and click Save.

    Elastic configure logs and metrics

    This configuration can also be applied during the Elastic resource creation. To make the concepts clearer, this tutorial separates the two steps.

    Native metrics collection is not fully supported yet and is discussed later.

  3. Within Kibana, click Observability until you see some data. This may take a few minutes.

    Kibana observability page (with data)

  4. To access the Logs app and analyze all your subscription and resource logs, click View in app.

    Kibana Logs app

Step 3: Ingest logs and metrics from your virtual machines.

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  1. Go to your Elastic resource and click Virtual machines.

    Elastic resource

  2. Select the VMs that you want to collect logs and metrics from, click Install Extension, and then click OK.

    Select VMs to collect logs and metrics from

  3. Wait until it is installed and sending data (if the list does not update, click Refresh ). To see the logs from the VM in the Logs app, click Logs.

    VMs logs in the Logs app

    To see the VM metrics dashboard, click Metrics.

    VMs metrics dashboard

    Both logs and metrics are filtered by the VM name that you selected. To view the data for all the monitored VMs, delete the filter.

Step 4: Ingest other Azure metrics using the Metricbeat Azure module

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Some Azure metrics are not available via the native integration. If you want to collect those metrics, you need to use the Azure Monitor REST API and Metricbeat.

The Azure Monitor REST API allows you to get insights into your Azure resources using different operations. To access the Azure Monitor REST API you need to use the Azure Resource Manager authentication model. Therefore, you must authenticate all requests with Azure Active Directory (Azure AD). You can create the service principal using the Azure portal or Azure PowerShell. Then, you need to grant access permission, which is detailed here. This tutorial uses the Azure portal.

Create an Azure service principal

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  1. Go to the Azure Management Portal. Search and click on Azure Active Directory.

    Search and click on Azure Active Directory

  2. Click on App registrations in the navigation pane of the selected Active Directory and then click on New registration.

    Click on App registrations

  3. Type the name of your application (this tutorial uses monitor-azure) and click on Register (leave all the other options with the default value).

    Register an application

    Copy the Application (client) ID, and save it for future reference. This id is required to configure Metricbeat to connect to your Azure account.

  4. Click on Certificates & secrets. Then, click on New client secret to create a new security key.

    Click on new client secret

  5. Type a key description and select a key duration in the expire list. Click on Add to create a client secret. The next page will display the key value under the Value field. Copy the secret and save it (along with your Client ID) for future reference.

    This is your only chance to copy this value. You can’t retrieve the key value after you leave the page.

Grant access permission for your service principal

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After creating the Azure service principal you need to grant it the correct permission. You need Reader permission to configure Metricbeat to monitor your services.

  1. On Azure Portal, search and click on Subscriptions.

    Search and click on Subscriptions

  2. In the Subscriptions page, click on your subscription.
  3. Click on Access control (IAM) in the subscription navigation pane.
  4. Click on Add and select Add role assignment.
  5. Select the Reader role.
  6. In the Select field, type the description name of the configured service principal (monitor-azure).

    Add role assignment

  7. Select the application and click on save to grant the service principal access to your subscription.

Install and configure Metricbeat

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To configure Metricbeat you need the Elasticsearch cluster details.

  1. On the Elasticsearch resource page, click Manage changes in Elastic Cloud.

    Elastic resource

  2. Copy the Cloud ID and keep it safe. You will use it later.

    Elastic Cloud deployment

  3. Click Security and then click Reset password. Confirm, and copy the password. Keep it safe as you will use it later.

    Elastic Cloud security

You can run Metricbeat on any machine. This tutorial uses a small Azure VM, B2s (2 vCPUs, 4 GB memory), with an Ubuntu distribution.

Install Metricbeat

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Download and install Metricbeat.

curl -L -O https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/beats/metricbeat/metricbeat-8.1.3-amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i metricbeat-8.1.3-amd64.deb

Set up assets

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Metricbeat comes with predefined assets for parsing, indexing, and visualizing your data. Run the following command to load these assets. It may take a few minutes.

./metricbeat setup -e -E 'cloud.id=YOUR_DEPLOYMENT_CLOUD_ID' -E 'cloud.auth=elastic:YOUR_SUPER_SECRET_PASS' 

Substitute your Cloud ID and an administrator’s username:password in this command. To find your Cloud ID, click on your deployment.

Setting up Metricbeat is an admin-level task that requires extra privileges. As a best practice, use an administrator role to set up, and a more restrictive role for event publishing (which you will do next).

Configure Metricbeat output

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Next, you are going to configure Metricbeat output to Elasticsearch Service.

  1. Use the Metricbeat keystore to store secure settings. Store the Cloud ID in the keystore.

    ./metricbeat keystore create
    echo -n "<Your Deployment Cloud ID>" | ./metricbeat keystore add CLOUD_ID --stdin
  2. To store metrics in Elasticsearch with minimal permissions, create an API key to send data from Metricbeat to Elasticsearch Service. Log into Kibana (you can do so from the Cloud Console without typing in any permissions) and select ManagementDev Tools. Send the following request:

    POST /_security/api_key
    {
      "name": "metricbeat-monitor",
      "role_descriptors": {
        "metricbeat_writer": {
          "cluster": ["monitor", "read_ilm"],
          "index": [
            {
              "names": ["metricbeat-*"],
              "privileges": ["view_index_metadata", "create_doc"]
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  3. The response contains an api_key and an id field, which can be stored in the Metricbeat keystore in the following format: id:api_key.

    echo -n "IhrJJHMB4JmIUAPLuM35:1GbfxhkMT8COBB4JWY3pvQ" | ./metricbeat keystore add ES_API_KEY --stdin

    Make sure you specify the -n parameter; otherwise, you will have painful debugging sessions due to adding a newline at the end of your API key.

  4. To see if both settings have been stored, run the following command:

    ./metricbeat keystore list
  5. To configure Metricbeat to output to Elasticsearch Service, edit the metricbeat.yml configuration file. Add the following lines to the end of the file.

    cloud.id: ${CLOUD_ID}
    output.elasticsearch:
      api_key: ${ES_API_KEY}
  6. Finally, test if the configuration is working. If it is not working, verify if you used the right credentials and add them again.

    ./metricbeat test output

Now that the output is working, you are going to set up the input (Azure).

Configure Metricbeat Azure module

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To collect metrics from Microsoft Azure, use the Metricbeat Azure module. This module periodically fetches monitoring metrics from Microsoft Azure using the Azure Monitor REST API.

Extra Azure charges on metric queries my be generated by this module. Please see additional notes about metrics and costs for more details.

  1. The azure module configuration needs three ids and one secret. Use the commands below to store each one of them in the keystore.

    echo -n "<client_id>" | ./metricbeat keystore add AZURE_CLIENT_ID --stdin
    echo -n "<client_secret>" | ./metricbeat keystore add AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET --stdin
    echo -n "<tenant_id>" | ./metricbeat keystore add AZURE_TENANT_ID --stdin
    echo -n "<subscription_id>" | ./metricbeat keystore add AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID --stdin

    You can find the tenant_id in the main Azure Active Directory page. You can find the subscription_id in the main Subscriptions page.

  2. Enable the Azure module.

    ./metricbeat modules enable azure
  3. Edit the modules.d/azure.yml file to collect billing metrics.

    - module: azure
      metricsets:
      - billing  
      enabled: true
      period: 24h  
      client_id: '${AZURE_CLIENT_ID:""}'
      client_secret: '${AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET:""}'
      tenant_id: '${AZURE_TENANT_ID:""}'
      subscription_id: '${AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID:""}'
      refresh_list_interval: 600s

    The billing metricset is a predefined metricset that collects relevant usage data and forecast information of the subscription configured.

    Collects metrics every 24 hours. The period for billing metricset should be 24h or multiples of 24h.

  4. To check if Metricbeat can collect data, test the input by running the following command:

    ./metricbeat test modules azure

    Metricbeat will print billing metrics to the terminal, if the setup is correct.

    If it returns a timeout error, try again. The test modules timeout is short.

  5. When the input and output are ready, start Metricbeat to collect the data.

    ./metricbeat -e
  6. Finally, log into Kibana and open the [Metricbeat Azure] Billing overview dashboard. Keep in mind it collects data every 24 hours.

    Metricbeat azure billing overview dashboard