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Elastic Docs ›Elasticsearch Guide [8.10] ›Mapping ›Field data types

Point field type

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Point field type

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The point data type facilitates the indexing of and searching arbitrary x, y pairs that fall in a 2-dimensional planar coordinate system.

You can query documents using this type using shape Query.

As with geo_shape and geo_point, point can be specified in GeoJSON and Well-Known Text formats. However, there are a number of additional formats that are supported for convenience and historical reasons. In total there are five ways that a cartesian point may be specified, as demonstrated below:

response = client.indices.create(
  index: 'my-index-000001',
  body: {
    mappings: {
      properties: {
        location: {
          type: 'point'
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.index(
  index: 'my-index-000001',
  id: 1,
  body: {
    text: 'Point as an object using GeoJSON format',
    location: {
      type: 'Point',
      coordinates: [
        -71.34,
        41.12
      ]
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.index(
  index: 'my-index-000001',
  id: 2,
  body: {
    text: 'Point as a WKT POINT primitive',
    location: 'POINT (-71.34 41.12)'
  }
)
puts response

response = client.index(
  index: 'my-index-000001',
  id: 3,
  body: {
    text: "Point as an object with 'x' and 'y' keys",
    location: {
      x: -71.34,
      y: 41.12
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.index(
  index: 'my-index-000001',
  id: 4,
  body: {
    text: 'Point as an array',
    location: [
      -71.34,
      41.12
    ]
  }
)
puts response

response = client.index(
  index: 'my-index-000001',
  id: 5,
  body: {
    text: 'Point as a string',
    location: '-71.34,41.12'
  }
)
puts response
PUT my-index-000001
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "location": {
        "type": "point"
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT my-index-000001/_doc/1
{
  "text": "Point as an object using GeoJSON format",
  "location": { 
    "type": "Point",
    "coordinates": [-71.34, 41.12]
  }
}

PUT my-index-000001/_doc/2
{
  "text": "Point as a WKT POINT primitive",
  "location" : "POINT (-71.34 41.12)" 
}

PUT my-index-000001/_doc/3
{
  "text": "Point as an object with 'x' and 'y' keys",
  "location": { 
    "x": -71.34,
    "y": 41.12
  }
}

PUT my-index-000001/_doc/4
{
  "text": "Point as an array",
  "location": [ -71.34, 41.12 ] 
}

PUT my-index-000001/_doc/5
{
  "text": "Point as a string",
  "location": "-71.34,41.12" 
}

Point expressed as an object, in GeoJSON format, with type and coordinates keys.

Point expressed as a Well-Known Text POINT with the format: "POINT(x y)"

Point expressed as an object, with x and y keys.

Point expressed as an array with the format: [ x, y]

Point expressed as a string with the format: "x,y".

Unlike the case with the geo-point field type, the order of the coordinates x and y is the same for all formats above.

The coordinates provided to the indexer are single precision floating point values so the field guarantees the same accuracy provided by the java virtual machine (typically 1E-38).

Parameters for point fields

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The following parameters are accepted by point fields:

ignore_malformed

If true, malformed points are ignored. If false (default), malformed points throw an exception and reject the whole document.

ignore_z_value

If true (default) three dimension points will be accepted (stored in source) but only x and y values will be indexed; the third dimension is ignored. If false, points containing any more than x and y (two dimensions) values throw an exception and reject the whole document.

null_value

Accepts an point value which is substituted for any explicit null values. Defaults to null, which means the field is treated as missing.

Sorting and retrieving points

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It is currently not possible to sort points or retrieve their fields directly. The point value is only retrievable through the _source field.

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